James Birchall is Professor of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Deputy Head of the School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University. Professor Birchall’s current research includes pulmonary drug delivery and microneedle delivery of molecules, macromolecules, vaccines, auto-antigens, and cells into the skin for therapeutic, immunization or immunotherapy applications. Professor Birchall has acted as Associate Editor of Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems, a member of the Editorial Board of Expert Review of Medical Devices, a temporary advisor to the WHO, and an expert advisor to the British Pharmacopoeia and conducted research funded by the EU, DFID, the Gates Foundation, NIH, Wellcome Trust, EPSRC, MRC, Welsh Government, Royal Society, Innovate the UK and various charities and pharmaceutical companies.